The Family Courts in India were established with the aim of providing a specialized, conciliatory, and expeditious forum for the resolution of family disputes. The traditional civil courts, which were bound by rigid procedural laws and adversarial methods, were found to be inadequate in dealing with the sensitive and emotional aspects of matrimonial and familial disputes. In view of this, the Family Courts Act, 1984 was introduced to encourage settlement through conciliation and to provide speedy justice in matters pertaining to marriage, divorce, maintenance, custody, guardianship, and other family-related matters. This research paper critically evaluates the working of Family Courts in India, in terms of their legislative provisions, jurisdiction, procedural flexibility, role of judges and counsellors, and effectiveness in meeting the objectives as provided under the Act. It also critically assesses the practical challenges being faced by Family Courts, such as lack of infrastructure, procedural delays, lack of trained manpower, and the inability of marginalized sections of society to access justice. This paper also critically evaluates important judicial pronouncements and proposes reforms to strengthen the family justice delivery system in India.