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VOL. 11, ISSUE 12 (2025)
Neuroscience and Criminal Behavior: Can Brain Imaging Redefine Crime and Culpability in India
Authors
Abhay Yadav, Paras Yadav
Abstract
‘The mind is its own place, and in itself can make a heaven of hell, a
hell of heaven.’ – John M. Neurocriminology, a rising intrigue field, combines
neuroscience and criminology to analyze the organic premise of criminal
behavior. By analyzing brain structures, neurochemical awkward nature, and
cognitive disabilities, this field challenges conventional ideas of free will
and criminal duty. Progresses in neuroimaging procedures such as useful MRI
(fMRI) and PET looks have given experimental prove that brain variations from
the norm can impact hostility, motivation control, and decision-making, raising
vital legitimate and moral questions. This research digs into the advancing
part of neuroscience in India’s criminal equity framework, centering on its
suggestions for culpability, sentencing, and restoration. It examines point of
interest cases such as Selvi v. State of Karnataka, which tended to the
protected legitimacy of neuroscientific methods, and universal cases like
Individuals v. Weinstein and Roper v. Simmons, where brain imaging impacted
legal results. The ponder investigates whether Indian courts ought to
consolidate neuroscientific prove in surveying mens-rea (guilty mind) and
moderating sentences, especially for adolescents and rationally sick
wrongdoers. Moreover, it highlights concerns encompassing the abuse of
neuroscience in scientific examinations, the moral problem of prescient
policing, and socio-economic aberrations in getting to neuroscientific
defenses. The research eventually looks for to set up an adjusted approach to
joining neuroscience into India’s criminal law. Whereas neuroscientific prove
can upgrade the exactness of legitimate judgments, its unregulated utilize may
weaken crucial rights, such as the right against self-incrimination beneath
Article 20(3) of the Indian Structure. The consider calls for organized
legitimate changes, legal preparing, and the improvement of clear acceptability
guidelines to guarantee that neuro-criminology is connected morally and
successfully. By bridging logical headways with legitimate standards, this
investigates advocates for a equity framework that remains reasonable,
evidence-based, and cognizant of human cognitive restrictions.
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Pages:56-63
How to cite this article:
Abhay Yadav, Paras Yadav "Neuroscience and Criminal Behavior: Can Brain Imaging Redefine Crime and Culpability in India". International Journal of Law, Vol 11, Issue 12, 2025, Pages 56-63
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