Over the last two decades, there has been much discussion over how traditional global law is applied in American courts. Those who hold the "modernist" view argue that traditional international legal standards constitute de facto federal law that may be enforced in federal courts and will take precedence over incompatible state law regardless of the lack of statutory or administrative authorization. However, "revisionists" contend that conventional international legal norms are not concerns of federal law and are subject to state law until explicitly stated otherwise by Congress or a U.S. treaty.