The Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21-A in the Constitution of India to provide free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right in such a manner as the State may, by law, determine. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, which represents the consequential legislation envisaged under Article 21-A, means that every child has a right to full-time elementary education of satisfactory and equitable quality in a formal school that satisfies certain essential norms and standards [1]. This present article aims to analyze the requirement, various implementing issues and importance of the Right to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 and also to evaluate the impact of its provisions on the promotion and defense of children's rights in India in the present time. The research paper will start with a historical perspective, then highlight the Act's key functions, downplays the challenging scenarios in advance and offers solutions. The value of education for children is also discussed in this presentation. Children's rights to education, are the main topics in the present discussion. What are the key responsibilities provided under the Right to Education Act of 2009, same are discussed in the present paper. The participation and functions performed by the international community in advancing the right to education, are also a part of the discussion of the present study. What challenging circumstances are faced for the proper implementation of the Act, 2009, are also made part of the present study.