This paper intends to deal with the meaning of cognizance, which is one of the important aspect of Criminal procedural law. In general or in the language of layman, cognizance means when the court, allow or reject the suit. As per black law dictionary, Cognizance means, the taking of judicial or authoritative notice. The term taking of cognizance has not been defined under the criminal procedure code, 1973, so it is simply understood as when the court applies his judicial mind. If any judicial magistrate or judge has not acted with his judicial mind, it shall not be considered as taking of cognizance. This paper further, discuss about the scope and applicability of the taking of cognizance, limitations of cognizance, laws relating to cognizance. Further, it is intended to deal with the interference by the high court to civil court in the matter of taking of cognizance. Important sections related to the cognizance and its limitation are discussed separately.